硝化抑制剂施用对水稻产量与氨挥发的影响
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南京林业大学 现代分析测试中心,中国科学院南京土壤研究所 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京林业大学 现代分析测试中心,南京林业大学 林学院,中国科学院南京土壤研究所 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室

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S19; X522

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国家青年科学基金项目(31201686, 41401345),土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放基金项目(Y412201425)和江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(14)2050)的资助


Effects of Nitrification Inhibitor on Rice Production and Ammonia Volatilization in Paddy Rice Field
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Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing Forestry University,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Advanced Analysis and Testing Center,Nanjing Forestry University,College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences

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    摘要:

    通过田间微区试验,应用15N标记技术研究两个施氮水平下硝化抑制剂CP施用对水稻产量、氮素利用率、氮素土壤残留和氨挥发的影响。结果表明:与推荐施氮处理(240 kg/hm2)相比,减氮处理(180 kg/hm2)水稻产量明显降低,但是减氮处理下施用硝化抑制剂CP后增产15.2%,差异显著,并且达到了推荐施氮处理下的产量水平。而推荐施氮处理下施用硝化抑制剂对水稻产量反而没有显著影响。施用硝化抑制剂可显著提高11.1% ~ 25.0% 的15N吸收与利用效率,同时15N平衡计算结果表明稻田施用硝化抑制剂减少了21.7% ~ 28.1% 的硝化?反硝化、径流等途径15N损失,这可能是CP施用增加水稻产量的机理之一。然而,施用硝化抑制剂会增加54.7% ~ 110.6% 的氨挥发排放。因此,在水稻生产过程中施用硝化抑制剂CP时要进一步减施氮肥才有明显的增产效果,同时还需要采取一定的措施来控制氨挥发。

    Abstract:

    A micro-plot scale field experiment with two labeled 15N-urea input level, i.e., 180 kg/hm2 and 240 kg/hm2, was carried out to study the effects of nitrification inhibitor (2–Chloro–6–(trichloromethyl)–pyridine, CP) application on rice grain yield, N use efficiency, soil residual N and NH3 volatilization in a paddy rice field. The results showed that rice production of N180 was significantly lower than N240. For the plots of 180 kg/hm2 urea N, CP application increased the grain yield by 15.2% that reached to rice production in plots of 240 kg/hm2. However, CP had no impact on rice yield when N input level was 240 kg/hm2. CP application significantly promoted 15N use efficiency by 11.1%–25.0%. And the 15N balance results suggested that CP usage reduced 15N losses by 21.7%–28.1% via nitrification–denitrification and runoff. These probably were the mechanisms of rice yield increase. However, CP amendment increased NH3 losses by 54.7%–110.6%. These results indicate that CP application can maintain a high rice production at a sub-optimal N input level and meanwhile measures should be adopted to control higher NH3 volatilization in paddy soil applied with CP.

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孙海军,闵 炬,施卫明,冯彦房,李卫正,初 磊.硝化抑制剂施用对水稻产量与氨挥发的影响[J].土壤,2015,47(6):1027-1033. SUN Hai-jun, MIN Ju, SHI Wei-ming, FENG Yan-fang, LI Wei-zheng, CHU Lei. Effects of Nitrification Inhibitor on Rice Production and Ammonia Volatilization in Paddy Rice Field[J]. Soils,2015,47(6):1027-1033

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  • 收稿日期:2015-06-24
  • 最后修改日期:2015-07-11
  • 录用日期:2015-09-09
  • 在线发布日期: 2015-11-23
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