Abstract:Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+/TIRS remote sensing images in 1977, 1987, 1999, 2006 and 2014 were acquired to analyze spatial and temporal change of the oasis, furthermore, the “1:100 000 data of land use in China”, oasis evolution dynamic model, land use/cover change (LUCC), landscape pattern index and urban expansion index were used to analyze the spatiotemporal variation and its relationship with human activities. The results showed that: in the last 38 years, Oasis change showed a trend of dramatically retreated-retreated-expansion of oasis in middle and lower reaches of Golmud river, the speed of oasis retreated from 1977 to 1987 was the fastest, and retreated area reached 638.67 km2, the cumulative dynamic degree was ?3.55%, oasis continued to retreat slowly from 1987 to 2006, and the cumulative dynamic degree was ?0.52% and ?0.88% respectively, oasis change tended to be stable as it extended for the first time from 2006 to 2014, the cumulative dynamic degree was 0.26%. The grassland change had great contribution to oasis retreat and forest land, arable land and construction land change played the important role in oasis' expansion. The center of gravity moving was obviously with the direction was south by east - southeast - southwest - southeast, the center distance of gravity moving which from 1977 to 1987 was the longest (2.96 km), and it became shorter in the future gradually. Values of Patches (NP), fragmentation index (Ci) and landscape shape index (LSI) of oasis were increased from 1977 to 2014, the change of Shannon's evenness index (SHEI) responses well to oasis changes, indicating oasis landscape shape tends complicate, and human interfere with the oasis which degree is increasing.