Study the reservation, factors and temporal variation of soil organic carbon (SOC) in mineral area can not only understand the variation of soil quality, but also guide mine reclamation in the selection of overburden and vegetation. Climate, vegetation, soil texture and other natural factors, land use patterns, management practices and other human disturbances have effects on SOC accumulation and transformation. Currently, the study on SOC change process and transformation mechanism in mineral area are not enough, especially in the response law of SOC to the reclamation measures. This paper systematically summarized the study progresses of domestic and foreign scholars on the measurement of SOC in mine area and on the estimation of the regional SOC reservation, the influences of natural factors and human interference on SOC accumulation in the mine area. On the above bases, further research directions were proposed: 1) on the change and transformation mechanism of SOC in profile structure; 2) on uncertain influential factors of SOC accmulation; 3) on effects of reclamation modes, covering techniques, and microtopography on SOC accumulation mechanism.