耕地空间集聚是农地整治目标之一，也是农业现代化的基本要求，现有研究大多是从景观格局视角用多指标对耕地空间集聚进行评价，为了探寻耕地空间集聚的影响因素，本文提出一种单指标评价法。首先综合考虑耕地图斑的位置、形状、面积，定义了耕地图斑的空间集聚度公式，并用程序代码求取每一图斑的集聚度大小；其次以不同图斑的集聚度为因变量，选择相关影响因素为自变量进行计量分析；最后以江苏省睢宁县为例做了实证分析。结果表明：当设定半径指数为2 000 m时，2013年睢宁县耕地空间集聚平均值是0.567 7，总体水平较高，有利于农业现代化生产；坡度、高程、人均GDP、人均耕地、与城市距离、路网密度、基本农田建设对耕地空间集聚水平都有显著影响，且坡度与基本农田建设对耕地集聚的作用弹性较大，而城市距离对空间集聚的作用弹性最小。论文提出的耕地空间集聚度评价方法可为基本农田划定及农地整治提供相关技术支撑。

The spatial compactness of arable land is an important objective of agricultural land consolidation and the basic premise for agriculture modernization. There are already some studies involved in the spatial compactness of arable land, however, most of these studies applied multiple indicators mainly from the perspective of landscape ecology, which could not eliminate multicollinearity among adoptive indicators. In order to gain accurate spatial compactness value and its influence factors, this paper presented a new method with a single index. Firstly, we defined the formulation of spatial compactness from shape, area and location of arable land patches and calculated it with the program code in Matlab; Secondly, we deemed spatial compactness value of farmland patch as dependent variable, and applied econometric method to determine its influence factors; Lastly, Suining County in Jiangsu Province was taken as a case study. Results indicated that the average value of arable land spatial compactness in Suining County was 0.567 7 in 2013, when the radius was set at 2 000 meters, suggesting a high compactness level and good fitness for agricultural modernization. The selected factors of DEM, slope, per capita GDP, per capita farmland, distance to town, density of road network and basic farmland construction affected the arable land spatial compactness obviously, of which slope and basic farmland construction had high marginal function to compactness, while the factor of distance to town had the least marginal function. The proposed method presented in this research could provide technical assistance for basic farmland planning and agricultural land consolidation.

F301.21；K909

国家自然科学基金项目(41401627、41471144)和江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20140236)资助。