The physiology chufa cultivation in solonchak was explored through pot simulation test under soils with different textures and under different fertilizers in order to determine the suitable planting way of chufa in the exploitation of the coastal mud flat. The results showed that solonchak with salt content of 2.98 g/kg was more suitable for the germination of chufa tubers than conventional clayey soil which salt content of 0.43 g/kg, and the number and dry weight of tubers under the treaments of solonchak were also higher than those under the treatments of conventional clayey soil. The daily lowest temperature for the normal germination of chufa tubers should be higher than 10.0 ℃. Solonchak under salt-resistant and seeding-grow matrixes treatment (SSM) promoted the germination and tillering of chufa tubers, and increased the economic output of chufa. In sown 85 days, the tillers number under SSM treatment was significantly higher than those of other treatments(P<0.05). The root dry weight, number and dry weight of tubers under SSM treatment were higher than solonchak under chemical fertilizer treatment (SSF) and solonchak under commodity organic fertilizer treatment (SSOF). Salt-resistant and seeding-grow matrixes was helpful for the potassium uptake of chufa leaves. Total potassium content in chufa leaves under SSM treatment was 0.44% higher than that under SSOF treatment, and was 11.65% significantly higher than that under SSF treatment(P<0.05). Soluble sugar content in chufa leaves under SSM treatment was significantly increased by 0.08 mmol/g FW than SSF treatment, while the relative conductivity of chufa leaves was significantly decreased by 35.16% (P<0.05). Compared with SSOF treatment, SSM treatment is more helpful for chufa leaves to accumulate soluble sugar and to decrease relative conductivity and proline content.