制备温度及原料影响生物质炭性质，相应影响土壤N₂O的排放，为筛选适宜于海南砖红壤的生物质炭类型，利用室内培养试验，研究海南4种禾本科植物材料在300℃、500℃、700℃ 三种热解温度下制备的12种生物质炭对砖红壤性质及N₂O排放的影响。结果表明：所有生物质炭都能显著增加土壤有机碳、有效磷和速效钾含量，提高土壤pH，加速土壤硝化作用进行；300℃下制备的生物质炭能促进土壤N₂O排放，500℃和700℃下制备的生物质炭则对土壤N₂O排放有明显抑制作用；所有材料中，高温热解温度下由甘蔗渣制备的生物质炭处理土壤的N₂O排放量最低，可能由于甘蔗在榨糖后剩下的甘蔗渣以较稳定的碳水化合物为主。综合分析，推荐500℃热解温度下生成的甘蔗渣生物质炭实施土壤改良，更有利于N₂O减排。

Temperature and the raw materials can influence biochar properties, and biochar can affect the N₂O emission from soil. This study is to screen the biochar suitable for Latosol in Hainan. Four Hainan gramineous plant materials were selected to produce biochars under 300℃, 500℃ and 700℃, respectively, and then the effects of the 12 types of biochars on Latosol properties and N₂O emission were studied with the indoor cultivation. The results showed that all biochars significantly increased soil pH value, promoted the contents of soil organic carbon, available phosphorus and rapid available potassium, and accelerated soil nitrification. Soil N₂O emission was promoted by biochars derived under 300℃ but was inhibited by biochars derived under 500℃ and 700℃. Among all plant materials, soil N₂O emission of bagasse biocgars derived under the pyrolysis temperature was the lowest, which is possibly due to the stable carbohydrate in the bagasse after sugar extraction. On the whole, the bagasse biochar derived under 500℃ is recommended to soil improvement, which is more conducive to less N₂O emission in tropical Latosol soil.

S156.6

国家自然科学基金项目(No.41261063，No.41661051)和海南省自然科学基金项目(No. 317070，No.314046)资助。