土壤水分状况(SMR)是确定土壤分类单元的重要依据，也是土壤资源可持续利用的保证。基于1951—1980年四川省160个气象站的地面气候资料，利用FAO-56 Penman-Monteith公式和FAO-PPP-17 Penman修正公式计算各个站点年/月潜在蒸散量和干燥度(I_A)，采用地统计学原理与普通Kriging法对年/月I_A进行空间插值，依据《中国土壤系统分类检索(第三版)》中有关SMR的规定，对四川省可能的SMR空间分布特征进行分析。结果表明：四川省SMR区域差异明显，整体呈现“东湿西干”的空间分布特征；以“湿润”和“半干润”为主，湿润主要分布于四川盆地，“半干润”主要分布在川西南山地及川西北高山高原地区；“常湿润”分布在宜宾部分区域，川西北德荣南部为“干旱”。本研究为四川省土壤系统分类与土壤资源的可持续利用提供了科学依据。

Soil moisture regime is one of the important diagnostic characteristics for determining soil taxa and a guarantee for sustainable utilization of soil resources.The ground climate data during1951 to 1980 of 160 weather stations in Sichuan Province were collected for analysis of the spatial distribution of soil moisture regimes using the aridity index and quantitative diagnosis index of soil moisture regimes in Chinese Soil Taxonomy (3rd Edition). The aridity index and the potential evapotranspirations which were calculated with the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith and FAO-PPP-17 Penman models were spatially interpolated by the statistical knowledge and ordinary Kriging. Results showed that the soil moisture regimes in Sichuan Province are obviously different between regions and overall presented the "wet in east area but dry in west area" spatial distribution characteristics.There are mainly udic and ustic soil moisture regimes in Sichuan Province. The perudic soil moisture regimes are distributed in some areas of Yibin region. The udic soil moisture regimes are distributed in plain, hill and mountain areas of east Sichuan. The distribution of ustic soil moisture regimes are in mountain and plateau areas of the western Sichuan. Only some area of Derong is aridic soil moisture regimes.This study provided scientific basis for the classification of soil taxonomy and sustainable utilization of soil resources in Sichuan province.

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国家科技基础性工作专项(2014FY110200A12)和国家自然科学基金项目(41671218)资助。