黑土肥料长期定位试验冻土分割搬迁后土壤融合效果评价
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S153.622

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国家自然科学基金项目(41171244)和国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300806-2)资助。


Assessment on Soil Fusion Effects of Segmented and Removed Frozen Black Soil Under Long-term Located Experiment
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    摘要:

    为了明确黑土长期定位试验土壤搬迁后与新址的融合效果,以一个搬迁土块为研究对象,明确搬迁土块间的接缝处土壤与距接缝处不同距离的中心土壤在理化特性上的不同。结果表明,0 ~ 20 cm层次土体中心50 cm处的田间持水量比接缝处高5%,容重低4%,变异系数均明显高于其他层次;20 ~ 40 cm层次,土壤的固相率和容重高于其他层次,田间持水量降低,土块横切面各部位物理性质均无明显差别;剖面底部80 ~ 100 cm层次接缝处土壤松散缝处的固相率比30 cm和土体中心处低4.3%,液相率低3.1%,气相率高出7.6%,容重下降8.3%。0 ~ 40 cm土层的缝处、距缝30 cm和距缝50 cm处的孔隙率均低于40 ~ 100 cm层次,其中80 ~ 100 cm层次的孔隙率最大,20 ~ 40 cm孔隙率最低为44.2%;土壤饱和导水率0 ~ 20 cm层次为35.3 ~ 38.0 cm/d,随着深度的加深呈下降趋势,均小于20 cm/d;而80 ~ 100 cm层次缝处的饱和导水率值高达144.4 cm/d,是表层土壤的4倍。同一层次搬迁土块缝处与土块中心土壤速效养分无明显差别,缝处全氮含量均高于土块的其他位置,且与距缝30 cm和50 cm处的数值差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05);pH随着土层的加深逐渐增大,碱解氮和土壤有机碳含量随着土层的加深而下降。长期定位土壤搬迁5a后,深层土壤接缝处还处于疏松状态,下层土壤的融合要弱于上层土壤。

    Abstract:

    In order to evaluate the fusion effects after and before soil being removed from long-term located experiment, one removed soil column was chosen to study the differences of chemical and physical properties between soils in commissure and in different distances from the commissure of soil column. The results showed that the field water capacity of 0-20 cm layer at 50 cm far from the commissure in the soil column was 5% higher but bulk density was 4% lower than those in commissure, respectively, and the variation coefficients were also higher than those in other layers. There was no significant difference between soils in the commissure and in other places in 20-40 cm layer, however, soil solid rate and bulk density were higher while field water capacity was lower than other layers. In 80-100 cm layer, soil solid rate and bulk density in the commissure were 4.3% and 8.3% lower while the gas rate was 7.6% higher than those in other places. The porosity in 0-40 cm layer was lower than 40-100 cm layers, with maximal porosity in 80-100 cm layer and minimal porosity in 20-40 cm layer. Soil saturated hydraulic conductivity was 35.3-38.0 cm/d in 0-20 cm layer, and decreased with the increase of depth, lower than 20 cm/d in other layers, but soil saturated hydraulic conductivity in the commissure in 80-100 cm layer was 4 times higher than that of topsoil. The rapid available nutrients in the same layers had no significant differences in different places. Total nitrogen in the commissure were significantly higher than those in other places (P<0.05). pH was increased but available nitrogen and soil organic carbon were reduced with the increase of depth. The segmented and removed soil in the commissure is still loose in the deep layers even after 5 years, and soil fusion effect is decreased with the increase of depth.

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匡恩俊,迟凤琴,张久明,宿庆瑞,周宝库,高中超,朱宝国.黑土肥料长期定位试验冻土分割搬迁后土壤融合效果评价[J].土壤,2018,50(1):148-154. KUANG Enjun, CHI Fengqin, ZHANG Jiuming, SU Qingrui, ZHOU Baoku, GAO Zhongchao, ZHU Baoguo. Assessment on Soil Fusion Effects of Segmented and Removed Frozen Black Soil Under Long-term Located Experiment[J]. Soils,2018,50(1):148-154

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2016-11-08
  • 最后修改日期:2017-05-09
  • 录用日期:2017-05-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-02-06
  • 出版日期: 2018-02-25