Antibiotics are widely used for the treatment and control of the bacterial infections for human and other animals, and they are used also as growth promotors and additives in livestock production. The consumption of antibiotics used in medical care, animal husbandry has an increasing trend in recent decades. Large amount of antibiotics was introduced into soils from organic fertilizer and wastewater irrigation. Antibiotics in soils may have directly and indirectly influences on soil microorganisms, animals and plants, and induce the antibiotics-resistance strains and genes. Furthermore, antibiotics can be introduced also into the food chain through absorption of crop roots, and this may threaten to human health. This review focused on the sources, environmental behavior, spatial distribution, and seasonal variation of antibiotics in soil environment. Recent studies revealed that the environmental behavior of antibiotics in soil was strongly influenced by the types of antibiotics and soil properties, and the spatial-temporal variability of antibiotics in soil environment was related to the environmental behavior of antibiotics and human activities.