Yixian County is well known for its traditional agriculture of Huangshan City in southern Anhui Province, in which the trace and middle elements are essential for the growth of crops. This paper aimed to instruct the reasonable fertilization by investigating the spatial variations of middle and trace element contents in plough horizons in Yixian County based on the dataset of the Testing and Formula Fertilization. Soil maps interpolated by the geo-statistics suggested that soil available Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B and S ranged from 4.20 to 348.30 mg/kg, from 0.60 to 225.00 mg/kg, from 0.04 to 14.74 mg/kg, from 0 to 88.00 mg/kg, from 0 to 355.00 mg/kg and from 0.48 to 87.85 mg/kg, respectively. Meanwhile, the mean values were 126.10, 15.62, 2.93, 1.78, 0.81 and 16.17 mg/kg, respectively. Most of those areas were lack of B where B fertilizer should be used widely, while some areas were lack of Zn where Zn fertilizer should be used rationally.