钾和镁是植物生长发育必需的重要营养元素。近些年来，钾、镁营养，离子间相互作用及其平衡关系已经逐渐受到人们的关注。本文对近些年来关于植物–土壤系统中钾、镁营养及二者间交互作用的研究现状及未来发展趋势进行了综述。主要从植物生长发育、养分吸收及转运、作物品质、生理生化、碳氮代谢、活性氧代谢以及土壤中K⁺、Mg²⁺ 等方面分别进行了论述；此外，本文还展望了钾、镁营养及其二者交互作用未来的研究方向。

Potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) are important nutrients elements for plant growth and development. K, Mg and their interaction, and ion balance are focused gradually by scientists in recently years. This paper reviewed the study work on K, Mg and their interaction over the past several decades and looked forward to the research direction in the future. It discussed mainly the plants growth and development, nutrients uptakes and translocations, plants quality, physiology and biochemistry, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, active oxygen metabolism, and the potassium and magnesium cations in soil. In addition, it also discussed some prospects in the research on K, Mg and their interaction.

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中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金项目 (1630022017029) 和国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201100)资助