采用田间试验研究了转基因玉米瑞丰1号-双抗-12-5(RF1-12-5)种植对根际土壤酶活性、微生物群落的影响，可为RF1-12-5的环境释放和商业化应用提供科学的安全性评价数据支持。研究结果表明：①在5个生育期内，RF1-12-5与其非转基因对照品种瑞丰1号(RF1)根际土壤碱性蛋白酶、脲酶和酸性转化酶活性均没有显著性差异；RF1-12-5根际土壤过氧化氢酶活性在收获期、碱性磷酸酶活性在乳熟期显著低于RF1，其他生育期差异不显著。②在5个生育期内，RF1-12-5与RF1根际土壤微生物群落的Shannon多样性指数、McIntosh均匀度指数和Simpson优势度指数均不存在显著性差异，主成分分析未发现RF1-12-5与RF1根际微生物功能多样性存在规律性差异。

The effects of maize variety of Ruifeng 1-double resistance 12-5 (RF1-12-5) on enzyme activity and microbial community in rhizosphere soil were studied to provide scientific safety assessment data for its environmental release and commercial application. The results showed no significant difference existed in the activities of alkali protease, urease, acid invertase between RF1-12-5 and the non-transgenic maize Ruifeng 1 (RF1) in five growth stages of maize. The activities of catalase and alkaline phosphatase were not significant different between RF1-12-5 and RF1 in other growth stages except that catalase activity in harvest stage and alkaline phosphatase activity in milk mature stage were significantly lower for RF1-12-5 than RF1. No significant differences existed in the indexes of Shannon diversity, McIntosh evenness and Simpson dominance of rhizosphere soil microbial communities between RF1-12-5 and RF1 in five growth stages. Principal component analysis proved no regular difference existed between RF1-12-5 and RF1.

S154.2；S154.3

国家转基因重大专项项目(2015ZX08013-003)和山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2017A02)资助。