Abstract:In this paper, results of studies on abundance-deficiency index (ADI) of soil available potassium (SAK) for wheat and appropriate potassium fertilizer application rate (APFAR) conducted in China were systematically summarized and analyzed. The results showed that ADI of SAK for wheat in China had improved obviously in recent 30 years. There were considerable differences in ADI of SAK for wheat in different regions, and ADI of soil NH4OAc-K for wheat for 90% relative yield (RY) of the complete nutrient treatment except potassium (CNTEP, i.e., K-deficient treatment) changed from 80 to 246 mg/kg. Studies on ADI of SAK for wheat in China left many blank regions except the Huang-huai-hai Plain, Sichuan Basin, Guanzhong irrigation area and Hetao irrigation area. K deficiency for wheat were common in China, SAK for wheat was focused on 2 – 4 levels, and most RYs of CNTEP were between 70% – 100%. For research on ADI of soil nutrients, the number of trial sites should not be too little, and it should be careful and indicated using extrapolating data for the high-end and low-end of ADI. APFAR was linearly negatively correlated with SAK abundance-deficiency level for wheat. APFAR was linearly positively correlated with the yield goal of wheat. APFAR was linearly negatively correlated with potassium fertilizer use efficiency in current season (PFUEICS). When PFUEICS was 50% and the target yield was 3.0 – 12 t/hm2, APFAR for wheat of SAK abundance-deficiency level 1 – 7 from high to low were 0, 17 – 67, 34 – 134, 50 – 202, 67 – 269, 84 – 336 and 101 – 403 kg/hm2, respectively.