The contents and distribution of Selenium (Se) and germanium (Ge) in farmland soils from Lhasa to Qushui along the Lhasa River in Tibet were investigated and studied. The results showed most of the farmland soils were deficient in Se (<0.16 mg/kg) while rich in Ge (>1.3 mg/kg). The contents of total Se and available Se had no significant correlations with pH, while the contents of total Ge and available Ge had negative significant correlations with pH but positive significant correlations with organic matter content. In general, soils in the study area are rich in Ge and has potential for the development and popularization of Ge-rich agricultural and animal husbandry products.