干旱胁迫下外源硒对小麦幼苗抗旱性的影响
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山西农谷建设科研专项项目(SXNGJSKYZX201704)资助。


Effects of Exogenous Selenium on Drought Resistance of Wheat Seedlings Under Drought Stress
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    摘要:

    通过对小麦幼苗进行叶面喷施亚硒酸钠,研究不同浓度外源硒对模拟干旱胁迫(PEG-6000)下小麦幼苗形态和生理特性的影响,为探究外源硒对小麦幼苗抗旱性的影响提供理论依据。试验以舜麦1718、晋太102、京冬17、S1204(品系)4个小麦品种(系)为材料,设置4个供硒水平,包括蒸馏水对照(CK)、20(Se20)、40(Se40)、60 mg/L(Se60) Na2SeO3处理。待小麦幼苗第二片真叶展开时,对其进行叶面喷硒后继续培养2 d。随后进行20% PEG-6000模拟干旱处理,继续培养7 d后测定其形态指标和生理指标。结果表明:外源硒处理可以显著提高不同品种(系)小麦幼苗的株高、根长、根数、鲜重、干重(P<0.05);外源硒处理可以降低小麦幼苗超氧阴离子(O2.- )和丙二醛(MDA)的含量。随外源硒浓度的提高,除晋太102的MDA含量外,其余品种(系)小麦幼苗的O2.- 和MDA含量均显著低于CK(P<0.05);同时,外源硒处理可以显著提高小麦幼苗超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性。随外源硒浓度的提高,除京冬17的SOD活性和S1204的POD活性外,其余小麦品种(系)的SOD和POD活性均显著高于CK(P<0.05)。隶属函数法综合分析可得:舜麦1718、晋太102、京冬17、S1204对应的适宜处理分别为Se40、Se60、Se20、Se60,对硒的敏感性排序为:京冬17>舜麦1718>S1204>晋太102。因此,4个小麦品种(系)对硒的敏感性存在差异,适宜浓度外源硒叶面处理有效增加小麦幼苗POD、SOD等保护酶活性,降低体内活性氧积累,缓解膜脂过氧化损伤,增强小麦幼苗的抗旱能力,促进干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗的生长和发育。外源硒叶面处理可作为一种缓解小麦幼苗干旱胁迫的有效措施。

    Abstract:

    The effects of foliar application of different concentrations of exogenous selenium on morphology and physiological characteristics of wheat seedlings under PEG-6000 stress were studied to provide a theoretical basis for exploring the effects of exogenous selenium on drought resistance of wheat seedlings. In this study, four wheat varieties (lines) including Shunmai 1718, Jintai 102, Jingdong 17 and S1204 (lines) were used as materials, four selenium concentration levels were designed, including distilled water (CK), 20 mg/L (Se20), 40 mg/L (Se40), and 60 mg/L (Se60) of Na2SeO3. When the second leaf of wheat seedlings was expanded, the leaves were sprayed with selenium and cultured for 2 days. Then 20% PEG-6000 was used to simulate drought and wheat seedling were continued to be cultured for 7 days. The morphological and physiological indexes of wheat seedings were measured. The results showed that exogenous selenium significantly increased the plant height, root length, root number, fresh weight and dry weight of different varieties (lines) of wheat seedlings (P<0.05); Exogenous selenium reduced superoxide anion (O2.-) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in wheat seedlings. With the increase of exogenous selenium concentration, except for the MDA content of Jintai 102, the contents O2.- of and MDA of other treatmens were significantly lower than CK (P<0.05). Meanwhile, exogenous selenium increased the activities of SOD and POD in wheat seedlings. With the increase of exogenous selenium concentration, except SOD activity of Jingdong 17 and POD activity of S1204, the activities of SOD and POD of other treatments were significantly higher than CK (P<0.05). According to the membership function values, the suitable treatments for Shunmai1718, Jintai 102, Jingdong 17 and S1204 were Se40, Se60, Se20 and Se60, respectively. The order of sensitivity to selenium is Jingdong 17 > Shunmai 1718 > S1204 > Jintai 102. The sensitivities of the four wheat varieties (lines) to selenium are different. In conclusion, the suitable concentration of exogenous selenium foliar treatment effectively increases the activities of protective enzymes such as POD and SOD, decreases the accumulation of active oxygen, alleviates membrane lipid peroxidation damage, enhances drought resistance ability of wheat seedlings, and promotes the growth of wheat seedlings under drought stress. The foliar spraying of exogenous selenium is an effective way to relieve the drought stress of wheat seedlings.

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兰 敏,尹美强,芦文杰,温银元,孙 敏,高志强,郝兴宇.干旱胁迫下外源硒对小麦幼苗抗旱性的影响[J].土壤,2018,50(6):1182-1189. LAN Min, YIN Meiqiang, LU Wenjie, WEN Yinyuan, SUN Min, GAO Zhiqiang, HAO Xingyu. Effects of Exogenous Selenium on Drought Resistance of Wheat Seedlings Under Drought Stress[J]. Soils,2018,50(6):1182-1189

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-15
  • 最后修改日期:2018-08-29
  • 录用日期:2018-08-30
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-11-16
  • 出版日期: 2018-12-25
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