Eight soil profiles developed from calcareous rock were selected in karst area of southeast Chongqing as study objects, their attributions were identified in Chinese Soil Taxonomy (CST) according to the information of field observation and laboratory measurement, and their references to soil genetic classification (SGC) were also identified. The results showed that the tested soil profiles were identified as Argosols, Cambosols and Primosols Orders, 5 Suborders, 7 Groups and 7 Subgroups, and were sorted into 8 soil families and soil series in CST. The yellow-brown soil groups in SGC were sorted into Hapli-Perudic Cambosols and Acidi-Perudic Cambosols in CST. The yellow soil groups in SGC were sorted into Hapli-Udic Argosols in CST. The limestone soil groups in GSCC were sorted into Carbonati-Perudic Argosols, Carbonati-Udic Argosols, Carbonati-Udic Cambosols and Udi-Orthic Primosols in CST. According to soil-forming environment, the higher the elevation is, the better the water condition is, and the more easily formed for Argic horizon. Slope is the primary factor for the formation of Argic horizon under the similar elevation, terrain and elevation are closely related to soil moisture and the formation of Cambic horizon in the karst area of southeast Chongqing, which are important factors for soil identification in CST in southeast Chongqing.