651 soil samples were collected from typical tobacco-planting fields in Qujing, Yunnan Province, with sampling sites were located by GPS technology. The contents of exchangeable calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), pH, organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and total potassium (TK) were determined. The distribution characteristics of exchangeable Ca, Mg and their relationship with other soil properties were studied. The results showed that: 1) The average contents of exchangeable Ca, Mg in soil were 3 054.3 mg/kg and 258.12 mg/kg, respectively, both were in abundant levels with large variation, and the proportion below the appropriate levels were 6.3% and 29.8%. The contents of exchangeable Ca and Mg were differed from among 9 tobacco-growing areas. 2) There was significantly positively correlation between exchangeable Ca, Mg and pH, OM, TN and TP. Ca was not significantly correlated with TK, while Mg was significantly positively related to TK. The regression relationship between each two attributes was analyzed using curve estimation method, and a total of 9 curve fit function equations were established, with coefficient of determination varied from 0.118 to 0.285. The fit error was within 3%, which showed the goodness of fit was better. The adjustment of soil pH, OM, TN, TP and TK contents had important impact on the balance of Ca and Mg nutrients.