In order to study the effects of different fertilization on the growth of fruit maize and the fertilizer agronomic utilization efficiency, the effects of different fertilization on the growth index, yield, quality, photosynthetic characteristics, soil enzyme activity and fertilizer agronomic utilization rate of fruit maize were analyzed and compared through field plot experiments, in which five treatments were designed:CK (no fertilizer), T1 (conventional fertilizer + conventional organic fertilizer), T2 (conventional fertilizer + bio-organic fertilizer), T3 (reduced fertilizer by 30% + bio-organic fertilizer), T4 (reduced fertilizer by 30% + bio-organic fertilizer + amino acid foliar fertilizer). The results showed that:1) Compared with CK, maize yield, quality, photosynthetic characteristics and soil enzyme activity increased under differewt fertilization treatments; 2) Compared with T1, maize height, stem diameter and SPAD value of T2 increased by 11.91%, 5.07% and 5.25%, respectively; soluble protein, soluble sugar and Vc contents increased by 5.39%, 6.48% and 16.62% respectively; photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of maize leaves increased by 3.44%, 4.22% and 16.19% respectively; 3) Under the reduced fertilizer application, compared to T3, the contents of promoted leaf chlorophyll content, maize soluble sugar content, soil sucrose content and enzyme activity by 16.26%, 14.05% and 23.82% respectively; the leaf intercellular CO₂ concentration of T4 increased redaced by 41.05%, and the agronomic utilization efficiencies of N, P and K fertilizers increased by 71.10%, 146.25% and 146.25%, respectively. In conclusion, under the condition of reduced fertilizer application, the combination of bio-organic fertilizer and amino acid foliar fertilizer can improve crop yield and quality, soil invertase activity and fertilizer agronomic efficiency, which is worthy of field application.