Vanadium contaminated soil is harmful to ecological environment and human health, and it has become one of the hot spots in the field of soil remediation. It is necessary to adopt scientific and reasonable remediation methods for accurate treatment of vanadium contaminated soil. Bioremediation is an important development direction for the green and sustainable treatment of vanadium contaminated soil, it has advantages of simple operation, environmental friendliness, low cost and high repair efficiency. In this paper, the research progress of bioremediation of vanadium contaminated soil in recent years was reviewed from the perspective of single and combined plant, animal and microbial remediation, the main factors affecting the bioremediation effect of vanadium contaminated soil were discussed, the insufficiency of current research was summarized, and the future research direction was also forecasted. This review can provide scientific basis and theoretical reference for the development and application of vanadium contaminated soil bioremediation technology.