Abstract:A pot experiment was conducted with wheat variety Jimai-22 to understand the effect of water-soluble fertilizer containing wood vinegar (wood-fertilizer) on the growth, antioxidant enzyme activity and nutrient absorption of wheat under the less stress of dry and hot. Four treatments were designed including 1) clean water (CK), 2) wood-fertilizer, 3) conventional water-soluble fertilizer from market (market-fertilizer), and 4) water-soluble fertilizer containing alginate (alginate-fertilizer). The results showed that, compared with CK, wood-fertilizer treatment increased the yield, spike number, grains number per spike and 1000-kernel weight of wheat by 24.22%, 8.85%, 9.95% and 6.07%, respectively, increased straw and root weights, chlorophyll content in leaves, and nitrogen content in grains by 16.58%, 11.84%, 2.41%-8.92% and 6.28%, respectively. Meanwhile, wood-fertilizer treatment increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) by 6.14%, 105.32% and 45.91%, respectively, but decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 6.76% in wheat leaves sampled on the ist day after dry-hot wind stress (May 7). Alginate-fertilizer treatment had the highest of yield, grain number per spike, 1000-kernel weight and root weight, while, wood-fertilizer treatment got the highest of spike number and straws weight. Chlorophyll contents in leaves under alginate-fertilizer and wood-fertilizer treatments were significantly higher than that of market-fertilizer, chlorophyll content in leaves sampled on the 9th day after dry-hot wind stress (May 15) was significantly higher under alginate-fertilizer treatment than that of the wood-fertilizer treatment. Potassium content in straws, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in grains, SOD, POD, CAT activities and MDA content in leaves sampled on May 7 under alginate-fertilizer and wood-fertilizer treatments were higher than those of market-fertilizer treatment. Potassium content in roots under alginate-fertilizer treatment was higher than that of market-fertilizer treatment. In conclusion, wood-fertilizer can improve significantly the yield and grain number per spike of wheat under the less stress of dry-hot wind within 3 days, which is attributed to the increase in chlorophyll synthesis, antioxidant enzyme activity and decrease membrane lipid peroxidation of wheat leaves owing to the promotion in nitrogen absorption and dry matter accumulation in grains.