In this paper, the typical soil profiles derived from the basalt were selected in the Xin-sheng Basin, Zhejiang Province of subtropical monsoon region of China, and the methods of soil geography and grain size analysis were used to reveal the impact of atmospheric dust on soil by measuring the composition and frequency curve of soil grain sizes and high content of "wind dust basic" (10-50 μm) of topsoil. The results showed that atmospheric dust had far-reaching effect on topsoil, which was also supported by Sr/Nd isotopic ratios of topsoil. The composition, frequency curve and parameters of grain size as well as Sr-Nd isotope ratio all indicated that topsoil had significant characteristics of wind dust, while most bottom soils inherited the characteristics of the parent rock. In conclusion, atmospheric dust has an important effect on the material supply, genesis and evolution of soil in the studied region.