Abstract:The cultivation and utilization of green manure plants is not only the essence of Chinese traditional agricultural technology, but also the key measure for the development of green ecological circular agriculture, which plays a very important role in maintaining soil fertility and grain stability and realizing green increasing efficiency in China. Returning green manure to the field is, before rice transplanting, to plough green manure plants directly into paddy field as fertilizer or to compost green manure plants into fertilizer and then apply it to paddy soil, it can not only fertilize paddy soil, enhance soil fertilizer supply capacity and reduce the application of chemical fertilizer in rice season, but also reduce the annual supply of chemical nutrients and reduce nutrient loss in paddy field, thus, improve the utilization efficiency of nutrient resources, therefore, it is an easy, green and efficient farming system. This paper summarizes the impact of green manure returning on soil quality, resource utilization efficiency and greenhouse gas emission of paddy fields, looks forward to the development of green manure utilization in paddy field, and provides the reference for efficient planting and reasonable return of green manure.