Abstract:Arsenic (As) pollution in paddy fields is a global environmental problem. As content in rice exceeds the safe limit, which may pose a threat to animal and human health. Therefore, the problem of As contamination in paddy fields urgently needs to be solved. Microorganisms play an important role both in mediating As metabolism and cycle of plant-soil-microbial systems. Thus, understanding the effects of microorganisms on the biochemical cycle of As in soil-rice system can provide a theoretical basis for the effective control of As pollution in paddy fields. In this paper, the effects of arsenite-oxidizing bacteria, arsenite-reducing bacteria and arsenite-methylating bacteria on As oxidation, reduction and methylation processes were reviewed. Meanwhile, the processes were summarized by which microorganisms indirectly affected the environmental biochemical cycle of iron and sulfur, thereby influencing the occurrence of As in the paddy-rice system and its transformation and migration. Finally, the related research progresses of microbial remediation technology of As contaminated soil were generalized, and the prospects of future research direction were put forward.