To explore the characteristics of soil organic matter and nutrient contents under different land use types along the Shengjin Lake, the content of soil organic matter, soil pH, C/N and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium under farmland, grassland, forest land and vegetable land were surveyed and determined. The results show that: 1) The order of soil pH value is as follows: farmland>grassland>forest land>vegetable land, and the soils of vegetable land and forest land are weakly acidic. 2) The order of soil organic matter content is as follows: vegetable land>forest land>farmland>grassland. Soil organic matter is rich in vegetable land and forest land while slightly insufficient in farmland and grassland. C/N is the highest in vegetable land while the lowest in farmland. 3) The order of soil total nitrogen content is as follows: vegetable land>forest land>farmland>grassland. There is no significant difference in total phosphorus and total potassium contents among different land use types, indicating land use type has little impact on them. The contents of soil available nitrogen and potassium are the highest in vegetable land, while the content of soil available phosphorus is the highest in farmland. The results of the study can provide scientific references for the rational utilization of soil resources, the maintenance and improvement of soil fertility, and the coordination of ecology in the Shengjin Lake District.