Abstract:With the increasing scale of soil environmental problems, it is difficult to understand the overall changing trends of soil environment by extracting the information on patchy salinization in small areas. In this study, the Weigan-Kuqa River delta oasis and Ebinur River basin were taken as the research area, topsoil samples (0-10 cm) were collected from 209 of typical sites based on the representative grade sampling method, the electric conductivity (EC) and salt contents of the samples were determined, and then the relationship between soil EC and various environment variables were established. The characteristics of vegetation phenology were inversed by MODIS EVI data and were coupled with vegetation index, salinity index, surface temperature and topographic parameters as input factors of the random forest (RF) model, and then the information of soil salt content in the oasis regions in Xinjiang was deduced and the spatial distribution maps of soil salt content was drawn. The results show that digging deeper into the information of vegetation phenology promote significantly the importance of the phenological parameters in predicting soil salinity, the large seasonal integral (LSI) and small seasonal integral (SSI) representing bioaccumulation are better in characterizing soil salinization than other phenological parameters. The accuracy of saltness prediction is significantly improved after coupling with the phenological parameters with the coefficient of determination R2 increased from 0.53 to 0.61. 23 environmental parameters suitable for the study area are screened out after the iterative selection, which significantly improve the prediction accuracy (R2=0.73, RMSE=5.19, MAE=3.59). According to the spatial distribution of salinization, non-salinized and lightly salinized soils are distributed in most areas of the Xinjiang oases, and they are generally distributed in the interior of the oases, while the moderate and above salinized soils are mostly distributed in the periphery of the oases. The total salinization level is in order of Yili plain < Northern xinjiang oasis < Southern Xinjiang oasis< eastern Xinjiang oasis.