菊糖对蚯蚓粪肥性状的影响及调控过程
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S154

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国家重点研发项目(2019YFD0900702,2020YFD0900703)、国家自然科学基金中美联合项目(20191J006)和山东省重点研发计划项目(2019JZZY020614)资助。


Effect of Inulin on Characters of Earthworm Manure and Its Regulation Process
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National Key Research and Development Programs of China (2019YFD0900702, 2020YFD0900703); China-US Joint Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (20191J006); Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province (2019JZZY020614)

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    摘要:

    通过蚯蚓堆肥试验,探讨菊糖对蚯蚓的益生作用及高活力蚯蚓粪肥的形成过程,可为滩涂生态农牧化模式构建及障碍土壤修复提供理论依据。以牛粪、赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia fetida)和菊糖为材料,设置纯牛粪养殖蚯蚓(EM)和添加菊糖的牛粪养殖蚯蚓(IEM)处理,养殖周期为40 d,每隔10 d采样分析,研究了牛粪-蚯蚓肠道内容物-普通蚯蚓粪肥/菊糖型蚯蚓粪肥性质动态变化过程。结果表明:添加菊糖与否的腐熟牛粪经蚯蚓取食、消化、排泄等过程所形成的菊糖型蚯蚓粪肥和普通蚯蚓粪肥,其基本性质较为一致:pH趋于中性,电导率显著下降,氮元素被吸收利用,有机质加速分解矿化,磷、钾元素进一步释放。但添加菊糖提高了有机质的降解效率与钾素释放,40 d时IEM处理蚯蚓粪肥的有机质含量比EM处理低9.4%,全钾含量高13.0%。EM处理的脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性总体呈先升后降的趋势,其峰值出现在20~30 d;而IEM处理缩短了酶活性峰值的出现时间(除脲酶活性外),10 d时碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性均达到峰值,其值较EM处理分别提高113.0%和61.0%。养殖10 d时,普通蚯蚓粪肥和菊糖型蚯蚓粪肥微生物多样性显著增加,菊糖型蚯蚓粪肥功能菌数量呈倍数增长。添加菊糖提高了前、中期(10、20 d)蚯蚓粪肥中放线菌门(Actinobateria)的相对丰度,其中20 d时较EM处理增加40.7%。可见,菊糖能够调控蚯蚓堆肥进程与蚯蚓粪肥性状,蚯蚓堆肥20 d后获得的菊糖型蚯蚓粪肥生物活性高、品质佳。

    Abstract:

    The probiotic effect of inulin on earthworms and the formation process of earthworm manure with high vigor were discussed through the experiment of earthworm composting in order to provide theoretical basis for the construction of ecological agriculture, pastoral mode and the remediation of obstacle soil in tidal shoal. Cattle manure, Eisenia foetida and inulin were used in this study as materials to explore the dynamic change processes of cattle manure, earthworm intestinal contents, common earthworm manure and inulin type earthworm manure, respectively, by using pure cattle manure breeding earthworm (EM) and inulin added cattle manure breeding earthworm (IEM). The breeding cycle was lasted for 40 days, samples were taken and analyzed every 10 days. The results showed that the basic properties of inulin type earthworm manure and common earthworm manure formed by the decomposed cow manure with or without inulin were similar: pH tended to be neutral, electrical conductivity decreased significantly, nitrogen was absorbed and utilized, organic matter was accelerated to decompose and mineralize, and phosphorus and potassium were further released. However, the addition of inulin improved the degradation efficiency of organic matter and the release of potassium. After 40 days, the organic matter content of earthworm manure in IEM treatment was 9.4% lower than that in EM treatment, while the total potassium content in IEM treatment was 13.0% higher than in EM treatment. The activities of urease, alkaline phosphatase and catalase in EM treatment increased at first and then decreased, and the peak value appeared on 20-30d. However, IEM treatment shortened the time of peak of enzyme activity (except urease activity), alkaline phosphatase and catalase activities reached their peaks at 10 days, and their values were increased by 113.0% and 61.0% respectively compared with EM treatment. After 10 days of breeding, the microbial diversities of common earthworm manure and inulin type earthworm manure increased significantly, and the number of functional bacteria of inulin type earthworm manure increased multiple times. The addition of inulin increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria in earthworm manure at the early and middle periods (10 and 20 days), and increased by 40.7% compared with EM treatment at 20 days. In conclusion, inulin can regulate the process of earthworm composting and the properties of earthworm manure. The inulin-type earthworm manure obtained after 20 days of vermicomposting has high biological activity and good quality.

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曹惠翔,李帅,杨敏,黄婷,李媛,甘泉峰,谢军伟,赵耕毛.菊糖对蚯蚓粪肥性状的影响及调控过程[J].土壤,2022,54(1):55-63. CAO Huixiang, LI Shuai, YANG Min, HUANG Ting, LI Yuan, GAN Quanfeng, XIE Junwei, ZHAO Gengmao. Effect of Inulin on Characters of Earthworm Manure and Its Regulation Process[J]. Soils,2022,54(1):55-63

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-24
  • 最后修改日期:2021-05-31
  • 录用日期:2021-06-01
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-02-11
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