快速提升贫瘠土壤的有机碳含量是改良土壤、增加土地生产力的重要途径。本研究通过温室盆栽试验，设置了沙黄土对照（CK）、沙黄土+木本泥炭（LW）、沙黄土+褐煤1（LC1）、沙黄土+褐煤2（LC2）、沙黄土+木本泥炭+红黏土黏粒（LWR）、沙黄土+木本泥炭+砒砂岩黏粒（LWS）和沙黄土+木本泥炭+膨润土（LWB）共7个处理，每个处理5次重复，研究了不同处理下菠菜生育期内（35 d）生长、生理指标差异及各处理对土壤有机碳含量提升效果。结果表明：与CK相比，各处理收获期菠菜产量和土壤有机碳含量均显著增加（P<0.05），LW、LC2、LC1、LWS、LWR和LWB处理下收获期菠菜产量分别增加了18.6%、51.3%、80.8%、127.6%、148.1%和203.8%，对应处理土壤有机碳含量分别增加了92.4%、84.3%、66.8%、84.0%、116.3%和98.3%，土壤pH均有一定程度降低。与LW处理相比，补充黏粒材料后，LWS、LWR和LWB处理下收获期菠菜叶面积分别显著增加了55.0%、86.5%和98.3%（P<0.05），各处理土壤pH、电导率、有机碳和全氮含量有一定程度的变幅，但差异未达显著性水平。总之，单施木本泥炭和2种褐煤物质对菠菜生长的促进及土壤有机碳含量的提升具有不同的作用效果，其中木本泥炭对土壤有机碳的提升效果好于褐煤物质，而对菠菜生长的促进作用低于褐煤物质，在添加木本泥炭的基础上补充黏粒材料对菠菜叶面积和产量的增加具有显著的促进效果，同时在一定程度上提升了土壤有机碳含量并改良了土壤理化性质，所有处理中以木本泥炭+膨润土处理综合效果最好。本研究为粗质地土壤快速培肥和肥力保持提供了新途径。

Rapidly increasing organic carbon of poor soil is an important way to improve soil and increase land productivity. In this study, through greenhouse pot experiment of sandy loess, 7 treatments were designed (each treatment with 5 replicates), i.e., sandy loess control (CK), sandy loess + woody peat (LW), sandy loess + lignite 1 (LC1), sandy loess + lignite 2 (LC2), sandy loess + woody peat + red clay soil clay (LWR), sandy loess + woody peat + arsenic clay (LWS) and sand loess + woody peat + bentonite (LWB). Spinach growth and physiological indexes during the growth period (35 days) and the effect on soil organic carbon (SOC) were compared. The results show that:compared with CK, spinach yield and SOC content at the harvest stage are increased significantly under other treatments (P<0.05), in which the yield increased by 18.6%, 51.3%, 80.8%, 127.6%, 148.1% and 203.8%, while SOC increased by 92.4%, 84.3%, 66.8%, 84.0%, 116.3% and 98.3% respectively under the treatments of LW, LC2, LC1, LWS, LWR and LWB, while soil pH is reduced to a certain extent. Compared with LW, after supplementation of clay material, spinach leaf areas at harvest stage are increased significantly by 55.0%, 86.5% and 98.3% (P<0.05), respectively under LWS, LWR and LWB. Soil pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon and total nitrogen content vary to a certain extent but without significant difference. In conclusion, Single application of woody peat and two lignite substances have different effects on the growth of spinach and the increase of SOC. Among them, woody peat has greater effect on SOC but smaller effect on spinach growth than lignite substances. On the basis of adding woody peat, supplementing clay materials has significant effects on the increase of spinach leaf area and yield. To a certain extent, SOC is increased and soil physiochemical properties are improved. Among all the treatments, woody peat + bentonite has the best comprehensive effect. This study provides a new way for rapid fertilization and fertility maintenance of coarse soil.

S158.5

陕西省重点研发计划项目（2020NY-158，2020NY-169）和榆林市科技计划项目（2019-131）资助。