本研究以鄂西咸丰县土壤为研究对象，统计了区内表层土壤中30种元素指标的地球化学背景值，再结合因子分析方法，探讨了地球化学背景值的成因机制，分析了土壤元素空间分布及其影响因素。结果表明，咸丰地区土壤B、Cd、Cr、F、Hg、Se元素的含量明显高于全国和湖北省背景值，I、Mo、Sr、CaO、Na₂O等元素较全国贫乏。因子分析结果表明成土母质、工矿活动、腐殖质过程、风化作用、地形因素以及人类的生产活动共同影响着研究区内表层土壤的背景值特征，其中成土母质决定了土壤中化学元素的分布特征，但是工矿活动、地形特征和人类活动等过程重塑了区域元素分布特征。

Taking the soil of Xianfeng County in Western Hubei as the research object, this study counted the geochemical background values of 30 element indexes in the surface soil in the area. Moreover, factor analysis was conducted to analyze the genetic mechanism of geochemical background values and to evaluate the spatial distribution and influencing factors of soil elements in Xianfeng County. The results showed that the contents of B, Cd, Cr, F, Hg and Se were significantly higher than the national and Hubei background values, the contents of I, Mo, Sr, CaO and Na₂O were lower than the national levels. Factor analysis showed that soil parent materials, industrial and mining activities, humus process, weathering, terrain factors and human activities jointly affected the background values of surface soils in the study area. Soil parent material determined the distribution characteristics of chemical elements in soils, and the terrain factors and human activities like mining reshaped the regional distribution patterns of elements.

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咸丰县土地质量地球化学评价暨土壤硒资源普查项目（ESXPC20190106）和湖北省咸丰县土地质量地球化学评价（一期）项目（HBTTD20180106）资助。