This paper summarizes the research progress and development frontier of international soil health assessment, with a view to providing reference for the research on soil health assessment in China. Based on the literatures related to soil health assessment included in the core database of Web of Science, this paper used the CiteSpace tool to carry out a visual quantitative analysis on the literature quantity, titles, keywords, authors and other information. The results show that: 1) Soil health assessment is an interdisciplinary research field such as environmental science, soil science and agronomy, and is currently in a period of rapid development. The United States have the greatest research strength and international influence in this field. Although China started late, it has developed rapidly and has huge potential for development. 2) The concept of soil health ranges from narrow to broad. Evaluation indicators from physical and chemical attributes to physical, chemical and biological comprehensive indicators. Evaluation systems from single food production to multiple ecosystem service functions. Method models from expert experience to system modeling. The technical means are gradually improved and perfected from routine detection to microbiology, GIS and remote sensing. 3) Biological indicators, multifunctional quantitative assessment of soil, objective and accurate evaluation models are the frontiers and hot spots of soil health assessment. The research on soil health assessment in China is still in the development stage.