With earthworm manure and inorganic compound fertilizer as materials, set CK (no fertilization), T1 (inorganic compound fertilizer 300 kg/hm²), T2 (inorganic compound fertilizer 600 kg/hm²), T3 (earthworm manure 7.5 t/hm²), T4 (earthworm manure 7.5 t/hm², inorganic compound fertilizer 300 kg/hm²), T5 (earthworm manure 7.5 t/hm², inorganic compound fertilizer 600 kg/hm²), T6 (earthworm manure 15 t/hm²), T7 (earthworm manure 15 t/hm², inorganic compound fertilizer 300 kg/hm²), T8 (earthworm manure 15 t/hm², inorganic compound fertilizer 600 kg/hm²), a total of 9 treatments. The change of soil properties, growth characteristics and nutrient absorption rule of cultivated Jerusalem artichoke under the combination of earthworm manure and inorganic compound fertilizer were studied in order to establish the optimal combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer for efficient cultivation of Jerusalem artichoke in coastal soil. The results show that with the growth of Jerusalem artichoke, soil soluble salt content is decreased, which is the lowest (0.28 g/kg and 0.29 g/kg, respectively) under T6 at seedling and florescence stages, 37.0% and 27.16% lower than CK (P<0.05). At florescence stage, pH is significantly lower under the organic and inorganic fertilizer combined treatments than CK, and pH is lower under T5, T7 and T8, which are 8.40, 8.35 and 8.44, respectively, 2.89%, 3.54% and 2.50% lower than CK. With the growth of Jerusalem artichoke, soil alkaline nitrogen content has an increasing trend, and is the highest (38.53 mg/kg) under T5 at florescence stage, 37.92% higher than CK. But soil available phosphorus content has a decreasing trend, significantly higher at seedling stage than at florescence stage, and is the highest (20.02 mg/kg) under T5 at seedling stage, increased by 864.18% compared with CK. Soil available potassium content is decreased under T1 and increased under the combination application of organic and inorganic fertilizers, which is higher (0.24 and 0.34 g/kg, respectively) under T3 at seedling and florescence stages, significantly higher than other fertilization treatments. The combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer significantly improves the growth characteristics of Jerusalem artichoke, T5 significantly increases plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and yield. Similarly, the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers effectively promotes the uptake of N, P and K nutrients in plants, the contents of N, P and K in roots, stems and leaves are higher, and T5 is relatively better. Considering soil properties and growth indexes of Jerusalem artichoke, T5 is recommended as the most suitable combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer.