Abstract:In order to screen out nitrification inhibitor with better application effect in rice production, a paddy field plot experiment was conducted in Taihu Lake region. Synthetic nitrification inhibitor 2-chloro-6-(trichloro-methyl) pyridine (CP), 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP), and biological nitrification inhibitor methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate (MHPP) were added into urea, then the effects of different nitrification inhibitors (NIs) on N2O emission, NH3 volatilization, rice yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency in rice season was investigated. The results show that compared with urea alone application, the addition of NIs decrease total N2O emission but increase total NH3 volatilization. The inhibitory effects of different NIs on total N2O emission are DMPP (31.71%)>MHPP (30.40%)>CP (27.83%), but no significant difference is found among different NIs. The promotion effects on total NH3 volatilization are CP (58.7%)>DMPP (40.3%)>MHPP (25.3%), no significant difference is found among different NIs. The rice yield and apparent N recovery efficiency are increased with NIs, effects of grain yield increase are MHPP (4.9%)>CP (3.3%)>DMPP (1.1%), and enhancement effects of nitrogen are MHPP (15.7%)>CP (13.8%)>DMPP (10.9%), no significant difference is found among different NIs. Comprehensively consider the rice yield and reactive gaseous nitrogen emission which induced by N2O and NH3, NIs increase yield-scaled reactive gaseous nitrogen emission, and CP (50.3%) is higher than DMPP (35.0%) and MHPP (17.8%). Overall, our study suggests that MHPP may be a better choice than CP and DMPP which decrease nitrogen loss and increase yield. Furthermore, NH3 volatilization reduction measures should be combined with NIs to achieve better nitrogen use efficiency and promote the green sustainable development of agriculture.