本试验研制两种改良剂，在田间设置不施用改良剂和施用改良剂两个处理，测定苹果单果重、可溶性固形物、果形指数、苦痘病发病率以及土壤pH、有机质、元素含量、病原镰孢菌的数量和真菌群落结构的变化。结果表明，两种改良剂对缓解苹果园土壤酸化均具有良好的效果，其中德州改良剂效果最为显著。与对照相比，经德州改良剂处理后，苹果单果重平均提高39%，果形指数达到0.83以上，可溶性固形物达到14%以上，苦痘病发病率降至1%以下，土壤pH平均提高1.70，土壤有机质平均提高9.00 g/kg，且降低土壤有效Cu、有效Mn以及植株体内全Cu、全Mn含量，提高土壤交换性Ca以及植株体内全Ca含量，降低病原镰孢菌数量，优化真菌群落结构。综上，两种改良剂可有效缓解苹果园土壤酸化，促进果树生长。

In order to study the effects of two amendments on soil environment and applet growth of acidified orchard, in this study, an field experiment was conducted with two amendments, and two treatments were set up:no amendment and with amendment. Single fruit weight, soluble solid, fruit shape index and incidence of bitter pit of apple, soil pH, organic matter, elemental content, number of pathogenic Fusarium and changes in fungal community structure were studied. The results showed that the two amendments had good effects on alleviating soil acidification, and Dezhou amendment had the most significant effect. Compared with the control, after treated with Dezhou amendment, single fruit weight of apple increased by 39% on average, fruit shape index reached more than 0.83, soluble solid reached more than 14%, the incidence of bitter pit decreased to less than 1%, soil pH increased by 1.70, soil organic matter increased by 9.00 g/kg on average. In addition, the contents of available copper, available manganese in soil and total copper and total manganese in plant were decreased, the contents of soil exchangeable calcium and total calcium in plant were increased, the number of pathogenic Fusarium was decreased, and the fungal community structure was optimized. In conclusion, the two amendments can effectively relieve soil acidification and promote the growth of apple orchard.

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现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目（CARS-27）、山东省高等学校青创科技支持计划项目（2019KJF020）和山东省自然科学基金项目（ZR2020MC131）资助。