Ammonia volatilization and nitrogen loss during composting process seriously threaten the environmental quality and affect the quality of composting products, which are the crucial factors restricting the development of composting technology. Based on the Web of Science (WOS) core collection English database and CNKI database, the literatures on nitrogen emission and conversion during composting published from 1993 to 2022 were quantitatively analyzed and statistically classified to understand the trend and characteristics of the research on nitrogen emission and conversion during composting at home and abroad in the past 30 years, which could provide ideas for future research. It was found that China published the largest number of documents in this field, indicating that China has accumulated a solid research foundation and obtained great research achievements. However, there are problems with limited research cooperation groups among domestic authors, weak connections between research institutions, and a lack of communication and cooperation among core research institutions. Currently, the field is in a hot research period with a significant increase in the number of publications and citations in the last decade, and the future developments in this field are expected to focus on microbial community structure analysis, nitrification and denitrification processes driven by microbes, heavy metal enrichment in compost, and compost maturity.