生物质炭配施有机肥对设施土壤理化性质、酶活性和细菌群落结构的影响
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S156.92;S154.36

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嘉兴市科技计划项目(2022AZ10007)和浙江省自然科学基金项目(LTGN23D010001)资助。


Effects of Combined Application of Biochar and Organic Fertilizer on Soil Properties, Enzyme Activity and Bacterial Community Structure
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    摘要:

    以不施肥为对照(CK),将生物质炭与牛粪、羊粪、猪粪按照不同质量配比混合施用,在嘉兴市秀洲区开展大棚小区试验,探究了不同施肥处理对设施土壤理化性质、酶活性和土壤细菌群落结构的影响。结果发现:生物质炭配施不同种类有机肥下土壤pH和有机质含量较CK处理分别增加了4.34%~16.24%和18.70%~46.28%,并显著提高了土壤全氮、碱解氮、有效磷含量,其中牛粪50%+生物质炭50%(N50)、羊粪75%+生物质炭25%(Y25)和猪粪50%+生物质炭50%(Z50)处理对土壤理化性质的改善效果较好;不同施肥处理对土壤酶活性影响不同,其中Y25处理对土壤酶活性提升效果最好;生物质炭配施有机肥处理可以增加土壤细菌多样性,其中N50处理显著增加土壤细菌多样性并改变土壤细菌群落结构,N50、Y25和Z50处理的细菌群落结构与CK处理差异最大;pH和全氮是影响细菌群落结构变异的主要环境因素。综上,生物质炭配施不同有机肥处理中效果较好的3种处理分别为N50、Y25和Z50,推荐使用生物质炭与牛粪、羊粪、猪粪有机肥分别按照生物质炭添加比例50%、25%和50%混合来改良设施土壤。

    Abstract:

    This study explored the effects of combined application of biochar and cow (N), sheep (Y) and pig (Z) manures in different proportions. The field experiment was carried out in Xiuzhou District of Jiaxing City, soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activity and bacterial community structure were determined and compared. The results showed that the treatments of biochar with manure increased soil pH and organic matter content by 4.34%-16.24% and 18.70%-46.28%, respectively, compared with CK (no biochar and manure), and also significantly increased the contents of soil total nitrogen, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus, among of which, N50 (50% cow manure and 50% biochar), Y25 (75% sheep manure and 25% biochar) and Z50 (50% pig manure and 50% biochar) treatments had better effects. Different treatments had different effects on soil enzyme activity, generally, Y25 had the best effect on improving soil enzyme activity. Biochar with manures increased soil bacterial diversity, among of which, N50 significantly increased soil microbial diversity and changed soil bacterial communities, and the bacterial communities under N50, Y25 and Z50 were the most different from CK. Soil pH and total nitrogen were the main environmental factors affecting the variation of bacterial community structure. In conclusion, N50, Y25 and Z50 are recommended to be used in facility soil due to their better effects in improving soil quality.

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鲁晨妮,徐再萌,费冰雁,赵川,陈贵,李建强.生物质炭配施有机肥对设施土壤理化性质、酶活性和细菌群落结构的影响[J].土壤,2025,57(2):333-341. LU Chenni, XU Zaimeng, FEI Bingyan, ZHAO Chuan, CHEN Gui, LI Jianqiang. Effects of Combined Application of Biochar and Organic Fertilizer on Soil Properties, Enzyme Activity and Bacterial Community Structure[J]. Soils,2025,57(2):333-341

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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-16
  • 最后修改日期:2024-08-04
  • 录用日期:2024-08-19
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-05-08
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