By measuring soil iodine content at different depths(surface soil, 0-20 cm; middle soil, 20-60 cm; deep soil, 60-100 cm) in Hancheng City, Shaanxi Province, soil iodine content levels of different soil types, different terrain slopes and different land use types were analyzed and compared, and the spatial distribution and influencing factors of soil iodine content were studied. The results showed that:1) Iodine was more enriched in surface soil than in middle and deep soils. Average iodine contents in surface, middle and deep soils were all at the appropriate level, and soil iodine content was much lower than the national soil iodine background value, thus, Hancheng City belonged to the low soil iodine area withoutang high iodine area. 2) No significant difference was found in soil iodine contents among different soil types. 3) Under different topographic slopes, soil iodine content decreased with the increase of topographic slope, particularly, when the topographic slope exceeded 6°-15°, the decrease rate of iodine content increased sharply. 4) Among different land use types, irrigated land had the highest iodine content in surface, middle and deep soils, dry land had the lowest iodine content in surface soil, and grassland got the lowest iodine content in middle and deep soils. It is worth noting that the iodine content of the surface soil in the grassland was 2.8 times of the middle soil and 8.5 times of the deep soil, showing a cliff-like decline. 5) Iodine content in the surface soil of Hancheng City belonged to the moderate-marginal range. In the middle and deep soil, the low-middle mountain area and river terrace were generally iodine deficient, while the southern loess tableland and the northern low hill area belonged to the marginal range.