Cultivated land health assessment is an effective way to find out the health status of cultivated land and put forward corresponding protection and utilization countermeasures and recommendations. This paper systematically summarizes the development of soil health-related concepts at home and abroad, Summarizing the utilization of indicators in the last decade of cropland health assessment studies in China, Classify and analyze the frequency of utilization according to physical, chemical, biological, production and management indicators, land conditions, meteorological conditions and limiting indicators, and explore in depth the relevance of indicators and the importance of biological indicators. Focusing on analyzing the future development trend of cropland health evaluation based on different evaluation scales and evaluation objects in China, it is of great significance for the next step of constructing a cropland health evaluation index system tailored to local conditions by using multi-source data such as soil biological indicators and management indicators.