With the increasing oil consumption, the problem of soil pollution needs to be solved urgently. Combining plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to remediate petroleum-contaminated soil is considered a potentially effective green technology. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi form symbionts with host plants, which can improve plant rhizosphere microenvironment, enhance plant resistance to stress, activate soil microorganisms, and play a positive role in removing and degrading petroleum contaminants. Many studies have proved the feasibility of arbuscular mycorrhizal to repair petroleum-contaminated soil, and have made beneficial exploration in various aspects. Based on an overview of the environmental hazards and treatment status of oil pollution, this paper introduces the arbuscular mycorrhizal remediation technology and its application, summarizes the effects of oil-polluted concentration, host plants, inoculation methods, and environmental conditions on the remediating efficiency, analyzed the direct and indirect dissipated mechanism of this symbiont, and proposed prospects for future development. The purpose is to promote the application and development of this arbuscular mycorrhizal assistant phytoremediation technology.