In order to study the response characteristics of Grass hedgerows and mulching measures on soil enzyme activity and limitation of microbial nutrients in red soil sloping Croplands, the study was based on a long-term field soil and water conservation measures experimental plots conducted in 2009. Thefourtreatmentsonthefieldwerepeanuts grown in high order(CK), hedgerows+ Peanuts(GH), Rice straw mulching+ Peanuts(RM) and hedgerows+ mulching+ peanuts(HM). The changes in soil physical and chemical properties and extracellular enzyme activities, ecological stoichiometry ratio and their influencing factors were measured. ?The results showed that compared with the CK, the soil organic carbon (SOC), total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP), alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (AHK) and available potassium (AP) were increased or changed by 16.0%~24.0%,1.7%~26.1%,3.4%~27.0%,3.2%~17.0% and 2.6%~24.6%, respectively, and with the effect of HM being more significant. Compared with CK, GH, RM and HM treatments significantly increased the activity of soil carbon acquisition enzymes, and had different effects on the activity of nitrogen acquisition enzymes and phosphorus acquisition enzymes. GH treatment significantly increased the values of C/NEEA and C/PEEA, while RM treatment significantly decreased the values of C/NEEA, HM treatment significantly increased the values of C/PEEA and N/PEEA. Allthevectoranglesofthefourtreatmentswere greaterthan45°,andthevectorlengthswereabovethe1∶1line.Theslopingupland red soilwasgenerallylimitedby P(nutrient)andenergy(carbon). Vectorangles significantly decreased by 5.7% and 9.9% in RM and HM, respectively. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that DOC, N/P, AHN, AK, NO3--N and TN are all the main factors affecting the enzyme activity and its ratio in sloping red soil. Random forest analysis illustrated that N/P, DOC and NO3--N were the main explanatory variant for microbial C limitation, while AK and TN content contributed more to soil microbial P limitation. These results indicate that Straw mulching and hedgerows can enhance carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling in upland red soil. Long-term straw mulching can alleviate soil carbon limitation and significantly boost the activity of nitrogen and phosphorus acquisition enzymes. The long-term use of hedgerows in conjunction with straw mulching alleviated soil microbial P limitation. It provides a theoretical basis for incorporating the C-nutrient (N, P) process into the ecological restoration research system of red soil on eroded sloping farmland in the future.