The essence of soil acidification lies in the imbalance of acid-base equilibrium. When pH drops below 5.5, active aluminum in the form of Al³⁺ rapidly increases with decreasing soil pH, becoming a critical factor limiting crop growth, development, and yield. This review systematically analyzed the causes of soil acidification and aluminum toxicity, elucidated plant aluminum-tolerance strategies and their molecular regulatory networks. It emphasized research progress in targeted aluminum control technologies, transitioning from single-effect approaches to integrated regulation and from empirical application to precision implementation, including traditional inorganic amendments, novel organic-inorganic composites or nano-controlled-release materials, biological regulation, and precision implementation technologies. Key scientific issues such as the durability of aluminum control technologies, regional adaptability, and synergistic regulation under multiple stresses were thoroughly discussed. Comprehensive analysis indicates that construction of plant-microbe-soil interaction amelioration systems, development of aluminum transformation models based on acid-base ion balance, and research and development of novel materials such as nano-, controlled-release, and composite formulations represent important developmental directions for targeted aluminum control in acidified soils, holding significant theoretical and practical implications for promoting sustainable utilization of acidic soils.