Soil acidification severely constrains global agricultural production, with approximately 40%-50% of arable land being acidic soils, covering an area of 3.95 billion hectares. In China, acidic soils account for 21% of the total land area, predominantly distributed in regions south of the Yangtze River, with a continuing expansion trend. The essence of soil acidification is an imbalance of acid-base ions, where aluminum primarily exists as active Al3? when pH falls below 5.5, becoming a key toxic factor limiting crop growth, development, and yield. This paper systematically analyzes the causes of soil acidification and aluminum toxicity, elucidating plant aluminum-resistance strategies and their molecular regulatory networks. The paper emphasizes research progress in targeted aluminum control technologies transitioning from single-effect to comprehensive regulation and from empirical application to precision implementation, including traditional inorganic amendments, novel organic-inorganic composite or nano-controlled release materials, biological regulation, and precision implementation techniques. Key scientific issues including the durability of aluminum control technologies, regional adaptability, and coordinated regulation of multiple stresses are thoroughly discussed. Comprehensive analysis indicates that the construction of plant-microbe-soil interaction improvement systems, development of aluminum transformation models based on acid-base ion balance, and research on novel materials such as nano-controlled release composites represent important development directions for targeted aluminum control in acidified soils, with significant theoretical and practical implications for promoting sustainable utilization of acidic soils.