%0 Journal Article %T 长期定位施肥对两种小麦耕作系统土壤肥力的影响 %T Effects of long-term fertilization on soil fertility evaluation in different wheat cultivation symstems %A 郝雅珺 %A 任英英 %A 井光花 %A 王哲 %A 郝明德 %A hao ya jun %A ren ying ying %A jing guang hua %A wang zhe %A hao ming de %J 土壤 %J Soils %@ 0253-9829 %V %N %D %P - %K 长期定位施肥,小麦连作系统,小麦-豌豆轮作系统,土壤综合肥力指数 %K long-term in-situ fertilization, wheat continuous cropping system, wheat-pea rotation system, integrated fertility index %X 为寻求既能提高土壤肥力又能改善土壤环境的科学施肥模式,本研究以黄土高原长武30年长期小麦连作和小麦-豌豆轮作系统为研究对象,以定位肥料试验(包括氮磷有机肥配施NPM、氮磷配施NP、单施磷肥P、单施氮肥N、单施有机肥M和CK)土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、全磷和全钾数据为基础数据,应用土壤的综合肥力指标值(Integrated Fertility Index,IFI)对长期定位施肥的土壤肥力进行定量综合评价。结果表明:①小麦-豌豆轮作系统在不同施肥处理下土壤养分含量普遍高于小麦连作系统,且在两种耕作系统下施用NPM各养分含量增幅明显。②各处理间土壤综合肥力指数表现为:小麦-豌豆轮作+NPM>小麦连作+NPM>小麦-豌豆轮作+NP、小麦连作+NP>小麦-豌豆轮作+P、小麦连作+P>小麦连作+M>小麦-豌豆轮作+不施肥>小麦连作+不施肥。③小麦连作系统有机质,全磷、全氮和速效磷与土壤综合肥力指数IFI之间呈现显著相关关系,碱解氮和速效钾与IFI呈不相关;在小麦-豌豆轮作系统中,碱解氮与全磷对IFI呈显著正相关关系。综上,综合肥力指数能较好地反映土壤肥力状况,长期施用NPM相较单施氮磷肥、有机肥的土壤综合肥力要高,小麦豌豆-轮作系统土壤综合肥力优于小麦轮作系统,且不同耕作系统对土壤养分和土壤肥力的关系有一定的影响。 %X To seek the scientific fertilization mode to improve soil fertility and soil environment, the wheat continuous cropping system and wheat-pea rotation system in Changwuxian on the Loess Plateau were chosen as the research objects. In our study, different 30-years long-term fertilization experiments, including application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and manure (NPM), application of nitrogen and phosphorus(NP), single nitrogen fertilizer(N), single phosphorus fertilizer(P), and single manure (M), were carried out to determine soil organic matter, alkali nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, total phosphorus and total potassium. Integrated fertility index value (IFI) was adopted to quantitatively evaluate the soil fertility. Results showed that① soil nutrient contents in wheat-pea rotation system (wheat-pea) were generally higher than those in the wheat continuous cropping system (wheat cropping) treated by different fertilizers. NPM application increased nutrient contents significantly under two tillage systems. ②the integrated fertility index values of different treatments were shown as follows: wheat-pea + NPM > wheat cropping + NPM > wheat-pea rotation + NP, wheat cropping + NP> wheat-pea + P, wheat cropping + P > wheat cropping + M > wheat-pea > wheat cropping.③IFI had significant correlations with organic matter, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and available phosphorus, but not with alkali solution nitrogen and available potassium in wheat continuous cropping system. In wheat-pea rotation system, IFI had significant positive correlations with alkali solution nitrogen and total phosphorus. In summary, the integrated fertility index could reflect the soil fertility conditions. Soil fertility in the treatment with NPM was higher than in the single fertilization experiment. The soil fertility in the wheat-pea rotation system was also better than that in the wheat continuous cropping system. Different tillage systems had effect on the relationship between soil nutrient and fertility. %R %U http://soils.issas.ac.cn/tr/home %1 JIS Version 3.0.0