%0 Journal Article %T 土壤物理性质对秦岭松栎林建群种形态及物种多样性的影响 %T Effects of Soil Physical Properties on Morphological Traits of Constructive Trees and Species Diversity of Pine-Oak Mixed Forest in Qinling Mountains %A 吴 昊,马昕昕,肖楠楠,万洪秀 %A WU,Hao %A MA,Xinxin %A XIAO,Nannan %A WAN,Hongxiu %J 土壤 %J Soils %@ 0253-9829 %V 52 %N 5 %D 2020 %P 1068-1075 %K 容重;毛管持水量;孔隙度;物种多样性;松栎混交林;秦岭 %K Bulk density; Capillary water capacity; Porosity; Species diversity; Pine-oak forest; Qinling Mountains %X 为了揭示土壤物理性质对秦岭油松-锐齿槲栎混交林建群种形态及物种多样性的影响,在秦岭中段松栎林集中分布的区域设置15个调查样地,运用相关分析和典范对应分析(CCA)探讨了林地土壤物理特性(容重、孔隙度、持水量)与建群种形态特征、群落物种分布及α-多样性指数的关系。结果显示:①非毛管孔隙度与油松和锐齿槲栎株数呈显著负相关、与锐齿槲栎高度及其冠幅面积呈显著正相关,总孔隙度与油松株数呈显著负相关。②容重与Patrick丰富度指数、Simpson多样性指数及Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均呈显著正相关,毛管持水量与Pielou均匀度指数呈显著负相关。③CCA排序表明,容重、最大持水量和毛管持水量是决定该群落物种分布的主导性因子,大多数草本趋向分布于容重较大且持水量较低的区域。④群落不同层次的多样性指数沿着容重变化在CCA排序图中形成界限明显的4个分布区,容重上升促进草本层多样性,毛管持水量上升促进乔木层多样性,群落整体的物种多样性在中等环境梯度下最高。研究表明,土壤物理性质对秦岭松栎林建群树种形态及其群落多样性产生了显著影响,保持中等水平的容重及土壤持水量并适当提高灌木层丰富度和乔木层均匀度,有助于维持该群落较高的物种多样性水平。 %X In order to study the effects of soil physical properties on the morphological traits of constructive tree species and species diversity of Pinus tabuliformis-Quercus aliena var. accuteserrata mixed forest community in Qinling Mountains,15 sampling plots were set up in the regions where the pine and oak distributed densely, then the methods of Pearson correlation analysis and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were used to reveal the relationships between soil physical properties (bulk density, porosity, water capacity) and the morphological traits of constructive trees, species distributions and α-diversity indices. The results showed that: 1) Non-capillary porosity was significantly negatively correlated with the abundances of P. tabuliformis and Q. aliena var. accuteserrata (P<0.05), significantly positively correlated with the height and coverage of Q. aliena var. accuteserrata (P<0.05, and P<0.01), while total porosity was significantly negatively correlated with the abundances of P. tabuliformis (P<0.05). 2) Bulk density was significantly positively correlated with Patrick richness index, Simpson diversity index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index (P<0.05), while capillary water capacity was negatively correlated with the Pielou evenness index (P<0.05). 3) The CCA ordination showed that the bulk density, maximum water capacity and capillary water capacity were the dominant factors determining the species distributions, many herbs tended to distribute in areas with higher bulk density and lower water capacity. 4) All of the species diversity indices in different community layers distributed in four independent intervals of CCA diagram with obvious boundaries along the bulk density gradient. Increase of bulk density promoted the diversity of herb layer, while increase of capillary water capacity promoted the diversity of tree layer. Species diversity indices of total community had maximum values under the medium environmental gradient. In conclusion, soil physical properties had produced significant impacts on morphological traits of constructive trees and species diversity of pine-oak mixed forest, thus, keeping a medium level of bulk density and water capacity, appropriately improving the shrub layer richness and tree layer evenness, are helpful to maintain higher species diversity of P. tabuliformis - Q. aliena var. accuteserrata mixed forest community in Qinling Mountains. %R 10.13758/j.cnki.tr.2020.05.027 %U http://soils.issas.ac.cn/tr/home %1 JIS Version 3.0.0