Natural quality of farmlands in the coastal region of Jiangsu was evaluated, by calculating pointvalues of natural quality of the farmlands in grading. Based on the calculation results and the data on acreage of farmland and population, the acreage of farmland per capita was figured out, and then spatial distribution of the farmland resources in the coastal region was assessed. Results showed that the farmlands in the northern, mid-western and southern parts of the region, excluding a few zones were on the whole quite good in quality, while the farmlands in the mid-eastern part were comparatively low. Rather interesting, the acreage of farmland per capita was comparatively smaller in the parts where the farmlands were superior in quality, and relatively bigger in the parts where the farmlands were inferior in quality. Based on the findings, some effective ways were brought forth to keep sustainable development and utilization of the farmland resources in the coastal region by improving overall land use efficiency, rationalizing alienation of farmlands, exploiting land reserves reasonably, and controlling pollution at its source in combination with management of pollution during the course of production.