In order to learn about selenium nutrition of village/town inhabitants in the Taihu Lake region, in South Jiangsu, the stratified clustering random sampling method was used in the study. Vegetal and animal foods were procured randomly from free markets for agricultural products hairs of inhabitants gathered for determination of selenium contents therein, with the aid of Atomic Fluorescence Spectrormetry (AF-610A). Results showed that animal food, especially white shrimp, was higher in selenium content than cereal food and vegetable food. The selenium intake of the inhabitants through diet was 34.7 μg/day, which is lower than the bottom limit for selenium intake,50 μg/day suggested by the National Nutrition Association of China. The lower selenium intake might increase the risk of certain diseases caused by selenium deficiency and show harm on human health. The average Se content in the hairs of the inhabitant was 336.0 μg/kg, which is lower than the average of the nation's and far too lower than that in Guangzhou and Shanghai regions. It is demonstrated that daily diet in that region is far from enough to meet the lowest need of the inhabitants for Se and it is necessary to develop some safe and effective Se-enriched foods for the people therein.