Effect of Cu, Mo and Si fertilizers on balsam pear (Momordica charantia) yield and quality were studied in two different textural soils. The results showed that compared with CK, Cu fertilizer had significant effect on the yield in fine sand soil but no evident effect with application of Mo and Si fertilizers. Cu or Mo fertilizers in silt loam soil had not significant effect on the yield compared with CK, however, the yield increased obviously when Si fertilizer applied in silt loam soil. The content of nitrate nitrogen significantly decreased by 19.15%~43.35% with application of Cu or Mo fertilizers but no evident effect with Si fertilizer applied in fine sand soil. The content of nitrate nitrogen decreased when Cu, Mo, Si fertilizers applied in silt loam soil. The diversity of nitrate content between microelement fertilizer treatment and comparison was significant in the silt loam soil (p<0.01). Application of microelement fertilizer had no significant effect on the content of vitamin C in the two textural soils. The water-soluble sugar contents increased in the two textural soils with Cu or Mo fertilizers. The contents of water-soluble sugar in fine sand soil and silt loam soil increased by 85.40%~148.68% and 27.72%~65.31%, respectively. However the sugar content decreased significantly with application of Si in silt loam. The results showed that application of Cu, Mo, and Si fertilizers in different textural soils had different effect on yield and quality of balsam pear.