滴灌追肥统筹方式对烤烟氮磷钾吸收利用的影响[①]
作者:
作者单位:

1.云南省烟草农业科学研究院;2.云南省烟草公司大理州公司;3.海南红塔卷烟有限责任公司;4.中国烟草总公司云南省公司;5.云南农业大学

中图分类号:

S572

基金项目:

云南省技术创新人才项目(202105AD160004),云南省烟草公司科技计划重大项目(2022530000241033, 2024530000241018)。


Effects of Drip Fertigation Modes for Top-dressing on N, P and K Uptake and Utilization of Tobacco
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences;2.Tobacco Company of Dali;3.Hainan Hongta Cigarette Sales Co,Ltd;4.China Tobacco Company Yunnan Branch;5.Yunnan Agricultural University

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    摘要:

    为探明适宜的烤烟滴灌追肥统筹方式,采用田间小区试验,以当地常规追肥干施为对照,研究2次、3次和4次滴灌追肥对烤烟生物量、土壤矿质氮含量及烤烟对氮磷钾吸收利用的影响。结果表明,随着滴灌追肥次数的增加,烟株成熟期叶片及全株生物量、旺长期和全生育期土壤矿质氮平均含量随之增加,叶片氮和钾含量、氮磷钾累积量及其利用率均随之提升。成熟期叶片及全株氮素累积量与旺长期土壤矿质氮平均含量间有极显著的正相关关系(r =0.526~0.816,P<0.01)。与追肥干施相比,2次和3次滴灌追肥氮肥和钾肥利用率均无显著差异(P>0.05),4次滴灌追肥氮肥和钾肥利用率分别显著提高了57.7%(P<0.05)和58.5%(P<0.05),不同滴灌追肥次数磷肥利用率显著下降了35.7%~50.0%(P<0.05),且处理间无显著差异(P>0.05)。与2次和3次滴灌追肥相比,4次滴灌追肥有利于维持和稳定旺长期土壤矿质氮含量水平,促进了烟株的生长发育及对养分的吸收和累积利用,是试验区域内适宜的滴灌追肥统筹方式。

    Abstract:

    A field experiment was conducted to explore the suitable drip fertigation modes for tobacco top-dressing, in which three modes of drip fertigation for tobacco top-dressing, including twice, three, and four times of drip fertigation for tobacco top-dressing were studied for their effects on the biomass of tobacco, soil mineral nitrogen content, and the absorption and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, with the conventional dry fertilization as the control. Results showed that with the increase of drip fertigation times, the biomass of tobacco leaves and the whole plant at maturity stage, as well as the average content of soil mineral nitrogen during the vigorous growth stage and the whole growth stage, increased accordingly. Nitrogen and potassium contents in the leaves, as well as the accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency, phosphorus, and potassium, also increased with the increase of drip fertigation times. There was a significant correlation between the nitrogen accumulation in the leaves and the whole plant at maturity stage and the average content of soil mineral nitrogen during the vigorous growth stage (r=0.526~0.816, P<0.01). Compared with dry top-dressing, there was no significant difference in the utilization rates of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers in the treatments of twice and three times drip fertigation for tobacco top-dressing (P>0.05). However, the use efficiency of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers were significantly improved by 57.7%(P<0.05)and 58.5%(P<0.05)in the treatment of four times of drip fertigation for tobacco top-dressing, while the phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency significantly decreased by 35.7%~50.0%(P<0.05)in all drip fertigation treatments, with no significant difference among all fertigation treatments(P>0.05). Compared with twice and three times of drip fertigation, four times of drip fertigation for tobacco top-dressing was beneficial for maintaining and stabilizing soil mineral nitrogen content during the vigorous growth stage, promoting the growth, development, and nutrient absorption and utilization of tobacco plants, which is considered the most suitable drip fertigation mode for tobacco top-dressing in the experimental area.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-04
  • 最后修改日期:2024-09-09
  • 录用日期:2024-09-18
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