南方红壤侵蚀区不同恢复年限马尾松林土壤N2O排放和氮淋溶季节损失特征
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作者单位:

1.福建农林大学菌草与生态学院森林生态-稳定同位素研究中心;2.西南大学园艺园林学院

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S714.8

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目,重点项目,重大项目)(42077094)


Seasonal dynamic characteristics of soil nitrogen loss along restoration ages of Pinus massoniana plantations in red soils erosion regions at southern China
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Affiliation:

1.Forest Ecology and Stable Isotope Centre,College of JunCao Science and Ecology,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University;2.School of Horticulture and Landscape,Southwest University

Fund Project:

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program, Key Program, Major Research Plan)

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    摘要:

    【目的】为研究南方红壤侵蚀区马尾松(Pinus massoniana)植被恢复对土壤N2O排放和氮淋溶损失的季节动态影响。【方法】以福建省长汀县典型红壤侵蚀区不同恢复年限植被样地(裸地、恢复10、20、30年马尾松人工林和天然林)为研究对象,采用野外埋置土壤淋溶液收集采集装置,定位观测不同植被恢复年限林地土壤NH+ 4-N、NO-3-N淋溶流失情况,并采用室内培养方法观测N2O排放损失季节动态特征。【结果】不同植被恢复年限马尾松林土壤无机N淋溶均主要以土壤NH+ 4-N形式为主,而天然林以NO-3-N为主。且随着植被恢复年限的增加,土壤淋溶液NH+ 4-N、NO-3-N含量并未得到明显控制。不同植被恢复年限林地土壤N2O以吸收为主,且N2O排放速率与土壤净硝化、净氨化、净矿化速率呈显著正相关关系,各林地土壤N2O吸收作用随着恢复年限的增加呈现增强趋势。【结论】随着南方红壤侵蚀区植被恢复,土壤N2O释放主要表现为吸收为主,减少了气态N损失,气态N损失不是N养分的主要损失途径。同时,不同恢复阶段马尾松人工林土壤NH+ 4-N、NO-3-N淋溶损失并未随着植被恢复得到有效控制,今后应继续加强森林植被的保护和持续性建设,避免过度的人为开发和破坏,逐步恢复林区的保水保肥功能。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] To evaluate the seasonal dynamic effects of Pinus massoniana vegetation restoration on soil N2O emissions and nitrogen leaching losses in red soils erosion regions at southern China. [Methods] This study focused on different stages of vegetation recovery in typical red soil erosion areas in Changting county, Fujian province (bare land, 10, 20, and 30-year-old Pinus massoniana plantations, and natural secondary forest). Field devices for collecting soil leachate solutions were used to monitor the NH+ 4-N and NO- 3-N leaching losses in forest soils at different vegetation restoration years. Indoor cultivation methods were also employed to observe the seasonal dynamic characteristics of N2O emission losses. [Results] Soil inorganic N leaching was mainly in the form of soil NH+ 4-N in forest land at different vegetation restoration stages, while NO- 3-N was the main form in natural forest. With the increase of vegetation restoration years, the contents of NH+ 4-N and NO- 3-N in soil leaching solution were not controlled obviously. N2O in forest soil was mainly absorbed by different vegetation restoration stages, and N2O emission rate was positively correlated with soil net nitrification, net ammoniation and net mineralization rate. The N2O absorption of various forest soils showed an increasing trend with the increase of recovery years.[Conclusion] With vegetation restoration in southern red soil erosion areas, soil N2O release is mainly characterized by absorption, reducing gaseous N loss, which is not the primary pathway for N nutrient loss. At the same time, the leaching loss of NH+ 4-N and NO- 3-N in the soil of different stages of recovery of Pinus massoniana was not effectively controlled with vegetation recovery. In the future, we should continue to strengthen the protection and sustainable construction of forest vegetation, avoid excessive artificial development and destruction, and gradually restore the water and fertilizer conservation function of forest areas.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-07-02
  • 最后修改日期:2025-10-30
  • 录用日期:2025-10-31
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