皖南烤烟根际微生物与焦甜香特色风格形成的关系
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国家烟草局重点项目(2006-2-2)资助


Relationship of burnt-sweet smelling characteristics formation of flue-cured tobacco leaves in south Anhui Province to rhizosphere microorganisms
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    摘要:

    2006—2007 年对皖南烟区 4 种主要质地土壤冲积粉沙土、河滩沙壤土、冲积沙壤土和水稻土烤烟根际微生物进行了系统研究,发现不同生长期烤烟根际微生物的数量团棵期最少,至旺长期最多,成熟期和采收期逐渐减少。与之相似,根际微生物生物量C(MBC)以团棵期最低,旺长期和成熟期较高,采收期有所下降。在皖南选取具代表性的 19 个土样,包括 7 种不同质地土壤,种植 4 个烤烟品种,分析发现根际 MBC 与有机质和碱解N含量呈极显著的正相关,据此可将土样分为 3 大类型,分别是低 MBC 的相对贫瘠的土壤、中等 MBC 的中等肥力的土壤和高 MBC 的肥沃土壤。焦甜香气较好的烤烟多集中于MBC在 350 ~ 380 mg/kg干土的中等肥力的土壤上。表明烤烟旺长期根际 MBC 与烤烟品种无关,而仅与土壤性质有关,焦甜香特色风格的形成与根际 MBC 有密切的关系。

    Abstract:

    Flue-cured tobacco leaves with special burnt-sweet smelling in Zimbabwe were important cigarette industrial material. It was detected that there was burnt-sweet smelling of flue-cured tobacco leaves in south Anhui Province similar to that of Zimbabwe’s in 2003. However, the forming mechanism of burnt-sweet smelling was still unknown. This paper was to explore the relationship between burnt-sweet smelling formation of flue-cured tobacco leaves in south Anhui Province and rhizosphere microorganisms. 19 soils including 7 soil types and planted 4 flue-cured tobacco variety were sampled from south Anhui Province during 2006-2007. The rhizosphere microorganism number and microbial biomass C (MBC) were analyzed in flue-cured tobacco different growth stages, i.e., rosette stage, vigorous growing stage, maturing stage and harvesting stage. The flue-cured tobacco planted in 4 representative soil types, i.e., alluvial power sandy soil, sandy loam soil in river flat, alluvial sandy loam soil and rice soil from 19 soil samples, and rhizosphere MBC of flue-cured tobacco planted in the other 15 soils from 19 soil samples were detected. The number of flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere microorganisms at rosette stage was lowest, while at vigorous growing stage was highest during tobacco growth period planted in 4 representative soil types, and subsequently it was gradually decrease in maturing and harvesting stages. Rhizosphere MBC was lowest at rosette stage but higher at vigorous growing and maturing stages of tobacco planted in 4 representative soil types, similar to the number of rhizosphere microorganisms. Rhizosphere MBC at vigorous growing stage of tobacco planted in 19 soils showed a positive linear relationship with soil organic matter and alkali hydrolyzation N significantly (p<0.01). According with the relationship, 19 soils could be divided into 3 groups, which was group I with low MBC and fertility, group II with medium MBC and fertility, group III with high MBC and fertility respectively. Flue-cured tobacco leaves with obvious burnt-sweet smelling mainly produced in 350-380 mg/kg (dry soil) of the soils belong to group II. Results indicate that rhizosphere MBC of flue-cured tobacco at vigorous growing stage was independent of tobacco variety, but only correlated with soil quality. Burnt-sweet smelling formation of flue-cured tobacco leaves related closely to rhizosphere MBC.

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邱立友,祖朝龙,杨 超,马称心,刘国顺.皖南烤烟根际微生物与焦甜香特色风格形成的关系[J].土壤,2010,42(1):45-52. QIU Li-you, ZU Chao-long, YANG Chao, MA Cheng-xin, LIU Guo-shun. Relationship of burnt-sweet smelling characteristics formation of flue-cured tobacco leaves in south Anhui Province to rhizosphere microorganisms[J]. Soils,2010,42(1):45-52

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