The pot experiment was conducted to study Cu uptake and accumulation in sugarcane and its effects on sugarcane yield and sucrose. The results showed that the ability of different organs in accumulating Cu was in an order of root > stem > dead leaves > top plant. Cu contents in different organs of sugarcane showed significant positive correlations with the increase of exogenous Cu. Low content of Cu increased sugarcane yield, however, there are not obvious effects on sugarcane growth and biomass on the conditions of Cu stress or excessive Cu. The effects of excessive Cu on sugarcane quality mainly expressed in the increases of the rate of juice and reducing sugar and the decrease of fiber content, appropriate Cu fertilizer could increase sugar yield.