Heavy metal pollution in wetland sediments is a hotspot of research in environmental science. The results obtained in the studies on heavy metal pollution in wetland sediments was briefly reviewed in this paper, the recent progress of study on the sources, speciation and extraction, migration and transformation, environmental criteria and risk assessment of heavy metals in the world were systematically summarized and the possible study trends in the future were also put forward. It suggests that in order to solve the problem of the secondary pollution induced by heavy metals?released from wetland sediments to the water bodies, the research on the environmentally chemical behaviors of heavy metals in wetland sediments should be emphasized, and more attention should be paid to the development and application of advanced research methods and tools.